Do You Know Drill Bits

In the field of metalworking, CNC drill bits play a vital role. They are fixed to CNC machine tools, rotate at high speeds and penetrate deep into the workpiece to create precise holes for various parts and components. However, not all CNC drills are created equal. In fact, they exist in a wide variety of types, with different shapes and optimized designs for different application scenarios.

Alloy Drill Bits

Alloy drill bit, also known as carbide drill bit , are made of hard materials such as tungsten carbide and cobalt. Their hardness far exceeds that of ordinary metals and can easily cut high-hardness materials such as steel, stainless steel, and cast iron.

Structural Fatures

• The cutter body is thick: the diameter is 0.25 to 0.3 times the diameter of the hole. To improve the rigidity and strength of the drill, reduce vibration during drilling, and prevent the blade from cracking.

• Chip groove width: Because the cutter body is thick, the width of the chip groove must be increased accordingly to ensure sufficient chip removal.

• Large back taper: to reduce drilling resistance and improve drilling efficiency.

• Multi-blade structure: to improve cutting efficiency and reduce drill wear.

• Regrindable: The overall carbide drill can be regrinded more times, generally 7 to 10 times.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Ultra-high hardness: The Mohs hardness is as high as 90 or more, which can easily overcome hard steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron and other materials, and is a sharp tool for processing difficult materials.

• Wear resistance: excellent wear resistance, extended service life, and greatly reduced processing costs.

• High temperature resistance: It can maintain stability even in high temperature environments and is suitable for high-speed cutting.

• High precision: sharp cutting edges and good rigidity ensure processing accuracy, smooth hole walls and precise dimensions.

Applicable Scenarios

• Processing various metal materials: used for processing non-ferrous metals such as carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy, copper alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, etc.

• Ceramic processing: It can process brittle materials such as ceramics and glass, but requires lower feed speeds and cooling methods.

• Efficient processing in mass production: In mass production where efficient and fast drilling is required, alloy drills are widely used due to their efficient chip removal and durability.

Twist Drill Bit

Twist drill bit is a drill with a spiral shape, with efficient chip evacuation and cooling as its main features, suitable for a variety of drilling processes such as metal, wood and plastic.

Structural Features

• Spiral groove: extends along the length of the drill bit, used for chip removal and cooling.

• Drill tip: usually at an angle of 118 or 135 degrees, which is convenient for positioning and cutting.

• Main cutting edge: located at the front edge of the spiral groove, responsible for most of the cutting work.

• Secondary cutting edges: located on both sides of the drill tip, assisting cutting and improving processing quality.

• Drill body diameter: the diameter of the drill body is usually uniform, ensuring consistent diameter of the drilled hole.

• Guide part: at the back of the drill body, helps stabilize the direction of the drill bit and reduce vibration.

• Chip groove width: determines the chip removal capacity, usually optimized according to the material and hole diameter.

Drill Bit Aadvantages

• Strong versatility: suitable for a variety of materials, such as metal, wood and plastic, and widely used in various drilling tasks.

• Efficient chip removal: The spiral groove design helps to effectively remove chips, improve processing efficiency and processing quality.

• Easy to operate: suitable for various processing equipment, such as bench drilling machines, handheld electric drills and CNC machine tools, and easy to operate.

Applicable Scenarios

• Medium-precision hole processing: When it is necessary to drill holes quickly on various materials with medium precision requirements, twist drills are an ideal choice (for example, when manufacturing automotive parts, it is necessary to drill holes in steel plates to install bolts. The precision requirements of these holes are medium, but multiple holes need to be processed quickly)

• Conventional drilling operations: Suitable for daily maintenance, assembly and general manufacturing tasks, especially when flexible adaptation to a variety of materials is required (for example, in the process of furniture assembly, it is necessary to drill holes in wooden boards to fix screws. These drilling operations do not require very high precision, but need to adapt to different wood materials)

• Efficient processing in mass production: In mass production that requires efficient and fast drilling, twist drills are widely used due to their efficient chip removal and durability (for example, in the manufacture of electronic product housings, a large number of small holes need to be drilled quickly to install components. Twist drills can meet the efficient drilling needs of mass production due to their efficient chip removal and durability)

Flat Drill Bit

A flat drill bit is a drill with a flat blade. It is characterized by its simple structure and low cost. It is suitable for drilling holes in soft materials such as wood and plastic.

Structural Features

• Flat blade: The blade is flat, simple and easy to sharpen, suitable for processing soft materials.

• Center tip: There is usually a center tip for positioning and stabilizing the drill bit.

• Straight groove: There is no spiral groove, relying on the straight groove for chip removal.

• Drill bit body diameter: The drill bit body diameter is usually uniform, ensuring the consistent diameter of the drilled hole.

• Blade length: The length of the blade determines the depth of the hole that can be drilled, usually shorter.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Simple structure: Simple design, low manufacturing cost, suitable for mass production and daily use.

• Easy to sharpen: The blade is flat, easy to re-sharpen, and prolongs the service life.

• Suitable for soft materials: Designed for soft materials such as wood and plastic, with good drilling effect.

Applicable Scenarios

• Woodworking processing: In woodworking projects, it is used to drill holes to install screws or make holes (for example, when making furniture, you need to drill holes in wooden boards for assembly).

• Plastic processing: used to process plastic materials and make holes for fixing or connecting (for example, when making plastic pipes, holes need to be drilled in the pipes to install accessories).

• Handmade: suitable for handmade entertainment production, low cost and easy to use (for example, in DIY handicrafts, holes need to be drilled in wood or plastic to complete the design).

Center Drill Bit

The center drill bit is a drill used to locate holes on workpieces. It is characterized by high-precision positioning and stability. It is suitable for lathes and other occasions that require high-precision positioning.

Structural Features

• Short and sturdy: The drill is short and sturdy, reducing vibration and ensuring precise positioning.

• Compound angle: It has a dual angle design, with the front end sharp angle used for positioning and the rear end larger angle used for cutting.

• Center tip: The fine center tip is used for precise positioning.

• Main cutting edge: It is mainly used for drilling the starting hole to ensure that the subsequent drill does not deviate.

• Guide part: Increase the stability of the drill and reduce deviation.

Drill Bit Advantages

• High-precision positioning: Ensure the precise starting position of the hole, prevent the drill from deviating, and improve processing accuracy.

• Reduce vibration: The short and sturdy structural design reduces vibration during drilling and improves the quality of the hole.

• Multi-purpose: It is suitable for a variety of machine tools such as lathes and milling machines, and has strong versatility.

Applicable Scenarios

• Lathe processing: used to locate drilling holes in lathe processing to ensure the accuracy of subsequent drilling (for example, when manufacturing shaft parts, first use the center drill to locate to ensure the accuracy of the spindle hole).

• Milling machine operation: used to accurately locate holes on the milling machine to avoid deviation during subsequent drilling (for example, when processing precision molds on the milling machine, use the center drill to locate the hole position).

• Precision machining: In high-precision machining, the center drill is used to ensure the accuracy of the initial hole position (for example, in the manufacturing process of aerospace parts, the center drill is first used to locate to ensure high-precision hole machining).

Step Drill Bit

Step drill bit is a drill with a stepped structure of multiple diameters. It can drill holes of different diameters at one time. It is characterized by high efficiency and versatility and is suitable for processing thin plates, such as metal plates and plastic plates.

Structural Features

• Step design: The drill bit consists of multiple steps with different diameters, each step corresponding to a different hole diameter.

• Center tip: used for initial positioning and guiding the drill bit into the material.

• Main cutting edge: The cutting edge of each step is used to cut holes of corresponding diameters.

• Guide part: above the drill bit, used to stabilize the drill bit and reduce vibration.

• Tapered transition: There is a tapered transition between each step to reduce cutting resistance.

Drill Bit Advantages

• One-time molding: It can drill stepped holes of different diameters at one time, improving work efficiency.

• Multi-function: One drill bit can replace multiple drill bits of different diameters and is suitable for a variety of hole diameter requirements.

• Reduce tool change time: No need to frequently change drill bits, reducing processing time and cost.

Applicable Scenarios

• Thin sheet processing: Especially suitable for drilling holes in thin metal plates and plastic plates (for example, in the installation of electrical control boxes, holes of different diameters need to be drilled in thin metal plates to install buttons and switches).

• Electrical assembly: In the process of electrical assembly, it is used to drill holes of different diameters to install terminal blocks and connectors (for example, drilling holes in electrical panels to install various switches and sockets).

• DIY and repair: Suitable for DIY projects and repair work in homes and workshops, its versatility makes it a commonly used tool (for example, in garage DIY projects, use a step drill to drill holes in various materials to install accessories).

Countersinking Bit

Counter sinking bit is a drill used for countersinking of holes. Its main features are to remove burrs and chamfers at the hole mouth. It is suitable for countersinking of countersunk screw holes.

Structural Features

• Countersinking angle: usually has a countersinking angle of 82 degrees or 90 degrees, used for chamfering and deburring.

• Guide part: located at the front end of the drill bit, used to stabilize the drill bit position during processing.

• Main cutting edge: located at the edge of the countersinking angle, used for removing material and chamfering.

• Chip groove: used to discharge chips generated during countersinking to ensure smooth processing.

• Number of cutting edges: usually has 3 to 6 cutting edges to improve countersinking efficiency and surface quality.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Deburring and chamfering: effectively remove burrs and chamfers at the hole mouth, improve the quality and appearance of the hole.

• High-precision countersinking: provides precise countersinking angles to ensure that the screw head is flush with the workpiece surface.

• Applicable to a variety of materials: It can be used for countersinking of a variety of materials such as metal, wood and plastic.

Applicable Scenarios

• Manufacturing countersunk screw holes: When manufacturing countersunk screw holes, the countersink is used to ensure that the screw head is flush with the workpiece surface (for example, in furniture manufacturing, it is necessary to process countersunk screw holes on wood to ensure that the screw head is hidden below the surface).

• Deburring the hole mouth: In the metal processing process, the countersink is used to remove burrs after drilling to ensure that the hole mouth is smooth (for example, after metal plate processing, the countersink is used to remove burrs at the hole mouth to improve assembly quality).

• Chamfering: It is used to chamfer the hole mouth on plastic and wood to increase beauty and prevent damage (for example, in the processing of plastic products, the countersink is used to chamfer the hole mouth to avoid damage during use).

  

Conical Drill Bit

Conical drill bit is a drill used for processing conical holes. Its main feature is its gradually increasing conical structure. It is suitable for applications such as hole expansion and chamfering.

Structural Features

• Conical design: The drill gradually increases from the tip to the tail to form a conical structure.

• Drill tip: Usually has a sharp tip for initial positioning and cutting.

• Main cutting edge: Extends along the conical part and is responsible for gradually expanding the hole diameter.

• Guide part: Used to stabilize the drill and reduce vibration during processing.

• Chip groove: Designed to effectively discharge chips and ensure smooth processing.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Gradual hole expansion: Able to gradually expand the hole diameter, suitable for precision hole expansion applications.

• Efficient chamfering: The conical design makes it very suitable for chamfering.

• Versatility: Can be used for hole processing of different diameters, with strong adaptability.

Applicable scenarios

• Hole expansion: used to gradually expand an existing small hole to the required diameter (for example, in metal processing, a pre-drilled small hole is expanded to a larger hole to fit a specific bolt or pin).

• Chamfering: suitable for chamfering the hole mouth to increase the smoothness and beauty of the hole mouth (for example, in the production process of mechanical parts, a tapered drill is used to chamfer the threaded hole).

• Precision machining: used in applications that require high-precision tapered holes, such as manufacturing tapered pin holes (for example, in tool manufacturing, a tapered drill is used to process tapered holes that fit precision parts).

Reaming Drill Bit

The reaming drill bit is a drill bit used to enlarge the existing hole diameter. Its main feature is to improve the accuracy and surface finish of the hole. It is suitable for precision processing of metal and hard materials.

Structural Features

• Multi-edge design: Usually there are multiple cutting edges, evenly distributed, used to improve processing accuracy and surface quality.

• Straight groove or spiral groove: Designed as straight groove or spiral groove according to application requirements to optimize chip removal and cooling.

• Guide part: Located at the front end of the drill bit, it is used to stabilize the drill bit position and ensure accuracy during processing.

• Progressive cutting: The progressive design of the cutting edge allows it to gradually remove material during the hole expansion process, reducing vibration and tool wear.

• High-precision manufacturing: High-precision manufacturing processes are usually used to ensure that the size and angle of each cutting edge are consistent.

Drill Bit Advantages

• High precision: It can significantly improve the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the hole.

• Reduce errors: Multi-blade design and progressive cutting can effectively reduce processing errors.

• Wide range of application: Suitable for a variety of materials, including steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals.

Applicable Scenarios

• Precision hole processing: When high-precision holes are required, reamers are used to finish existing holes (for example, when manufacturing high-precision bearing seats, reamers are used to ensure the size and smoothness of the holes).

• Removing casting defects: Used to remove defects during casting or drilling to ensure the size and surface quality of the hole (for example, in the subsequent processing of cast parts, use a reamer to remove defects in the hole opening).

• Mating hole processing: Used in hole processing that requires matching precision parts, such as manufacturing matching holes for assembly (for example, when manufacturing precision mechanical parts, use a reamer to process matching pin holes to ensure assembly accuracy).

  

Gun Drill Bit

Gun drill bit is a drill specially used for deep hole drilling. It is characterized by its long and thin structure and efficient cooling and chip removal system. It is suitable for deep hole processing with high precision and depth requirements.

Structural Features

• Long and thin drill body: designed for deep hole processing, usually the length is much greater than the diameter.

• Single-edge or double-edge design: usually single-edge or double-edge design is adopted to reduce friction and cutting resistance.

• Built-in cooling system: through the internal cooling channel, the coolant is directly delivered to the cutting area for effective cooling and lubrication.

• Guide tip: with a specially designed guide tip to stabilize the drill bit and ensure the straightness of the hole.

• Chip removal groove: designed to effectively discharge chips to prevent chip blockage and overheating of the drill bit.

Drill Bit Advantages

• High-precision deep hole processing: able to maintain high precision and straightness under high depth requirements.

• Efficient cooling and lubrication: the built-in cooling system effectively cools the cutting area and extends the life of the drill bit.

• Reduce cutting resistance: the single-edge or double-edge design reduces friction and improves drilling efficiency.

Applicable Scenarios

• Gun barrel manufacturing: used to manufacture holes that require high precision and depth, such as gun barrels (for example, in gun barrel manufacturing, gun drills are used to process long and straight gun barrel holes to ensure their high precision and straightness).

• Hydraulic system parts processing: used to process deep hole parts such as hydraulic cylinders and valve bodies (for example, in hydraulic cylinder manufacturing, gun drills are used to process internal oil circuit holes to ensure their precision and smoothness).

• Aerospace parts processing: used to process deep holes and precision holes in aircraft parts (for example, in aircraft engine manufacturing, gun drills are used to process fuel pipes and cooling holes to ensure their high precision and reliability).

Spiral Groove Drill Bit

A spiral groove drill bit is a drill with a flat surface and spiral groove structure. It is characterized by its efficient chip removal and versatility. It is suitable for processing soft materials and large diameter holes.

Structural Features

• Flat blade: The blade is flat and usually has a large cutting angle for efficient cutting.

• Spiral groove: Designed to effectively discharge chips, reduce cutting resistance and heat.

• Replaceable blades: Many spiral groove drills are designed with replaceable blades to improve economy and service life.

• Drill body diameter: The drill body diameter is uniform to ensure consistent diameter of the drilled hole.

• Center positioning tip: Used for initial positioning and stabilizing the drill to ensure processing accuracy.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Efficient chip removal: The spiral groove design helps to quickly discharge chips and prevent clogging.

• Multi-purpose: Suitable for a variety of materials and processing requirements, especially for processing large diameter holes.

• High economy: The replaceable blade design reduces maintenance costs and improves economy.

Applicable Scenarios

• Wood processing: In woodworking projects, it is used for efficient processing of large diameter holes (for example, when making furniture, it is necessary to drill large diameter holes in wooden boards for connection and assembly).

• Plastic processing: It is used to process plastic materials and make large diameter holes for fixing or connection (for example, when making plastic containers, it is necessary to drill large holes in the containers to install valves or accessories).

• Low hardness metal processing: It is suitable for large hole processing of low hardness metal materials, which is fast and efficient (for example, in aluminum processing, spiral groove drills are used to drill large diameter holes to install large bolts or pipes).

Diamond Drill Bits

Diamond drill bit is a drill bit used for processing hard and brittle materials. Its main characteristics are extremely high hardness and wear resistance. It is suitable for drilling difficult-to-machine materials such as glass, ceramics, and carbon fiber composite materials.

Structural Features

• Diamond coating: The blade is coated with a layer of diamond particles, providing extremely high hardness and wear resistance.

• High hardness base material: Carbide or other high hardness materials are usually used as the base material to enhance the overall strength.

• Special geometry: The design of the cutting edge and chip flute is optimized to improve processing efficiency and hole quality.

• Cooling slot: Some designs include cooling slots to effectively dissipate heat during processing.

• Various specifications: According to application requirements, various diameter and length specifications are provided to adapt to different processing requirements.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Extremely high hardness: Diamond particles provide extremely high hardness and can easily process hard and brittle materials.

• Excellent wear resistance: Diamond coating significantly increases the service life of the drill bit and can remain sharp even under high-intensity processing conditions.

• High-precision processing: Special geometric design and high-quality materials ensure high-precision processing and smooth hole surfaces.

Applicable Scenarios

• Glass processing: In the manufacturing of glass products, diamond drills are used for high-precision drilling to prevent glass from breaking (for example, in the installation of glass doors and windows, drilling holes in the glass is required to install hardware).

• Ceramic processing: Suitable for drilling ceramic materials, providing smooth hole walls and high precision (for example, when manufacturing ceramic sanitary ware products, use diamond drills to process mounting holes).

• Carbon fiber composite material processing: used to process carbon fiber composite materials to ensure hole accuracy and edge quality (for example, in the aerospace and automotive industries, diamond drills are used to process carbon fiber composite material parts).

Composite Drill Bits

The composite material drill bit is a drill bit specially designed for processing composite materials. Its main advantage is its structural feature of reducing delamination and burrs. It is suitable for drilling composite materials such as glass fiber and carbon fiber.

Structural Features

• Special cutting edge: The cutting edge is designed to reduce delamination and burrs and improve the quality of the hole.

• High hardness base material: Use high hardness material as the base material to enhance the overall strength and wear resistance.

• Multi-edge design: Usually has multiple cutting edges to improve processing accuracy and efficiency.

• Cooling channels: Some designs include cooling channels to effectively dissipate heat during processing.

• Chip flute: The optimized chip flute is used to efficiently discharge chips to ensure smooth processing.

Drill Bit Advantages

• Reduce delamination: The special cutting edge design can effectively reduce the delamination of composite materials.

• High-precision processing: Multi-blade design and high-quality base material ensure high-precision processing and hole quality.

• Excellent wear resistance: The high hardness base material and coating significantly improve the service life and wear resistance of the drill bit.

Applicable Scenarios

• Glass fiber processing: used for high-precision processing of glass fiber composite materials to ensure that the holes are smooth and burr-free (for example, in the manufacturing of wind turbine blades, composite materials are used to drill and process mounting holes).

• Carbon fiber processing: Suitable for drilling carbon fiber composite materials to reduce delamination and burrs (for example, in the aerospace and automotive industries, composite drilling is used to process carbon fiber parts).
• High-strength composite material processing: used to process various high-strength composite materials to ensure high-quality hole processing (for example, when manufacturing high-performance sports equipment, using composite materials to drill and process mounting holes).